Currently, people of different age groups have various diseases of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, rheumatological and bone diseases.Anyone at any age can get sick.But the most common diseases are the musculoskeletal system.These diseases can occur in both older and younger people.Small joints are most often affected, such joints include the formations of the hands and feet.For what reasons do the joints of bone structures hurt, what causes pain in the joints of the fingers, and how to treat it?
Reasons
When pain occurs in the hand area, until a certain time we do not pay due attention to it; meanwhile, the progression and development of the disease occurs.What diseases can cause pain in the joints of the fingers?The most common diseases of bone joints that can provoke a painful attack:
- Polyosteoarthrosis of bone joints.
- Arthritis (rheumatoid or psoriatic).
- Exacerbation of gout.
- Tenosynovitis
- Rhysarthrosis.
- Limb injury.
- Microcirculation disturbance.
- Pathology of nerve endings or spinal column.
- Untimely treatment of chronic diseases.
Why do my finger joints hurt?Pain in the joints of the fingers in various pathologies has different causes.Let us examine in detail the characteristics of pain in various pathologies.
Osteoarthritis
When polyosteoarthrosis occurs, pain in the joints of the fingers can appear both in people under 45 years of age and in those over 55 years of age.With this pathology, a distinctive feature is that when the joints are damaged, Heberden's nodes appear.They are located on the back of the palm, which is also characteristic of the fact that they are formed in the same way (on the right and left hands at the same time in similar locations).
Nodules can appear on the phalanges of the fingers (most often the index and middle fingers are affected).It is at the moment of formation of such a nodule that the patient may feel an unpleasant burning sensation, pain, swelling and redness may occur.First of all, it is necessary to treat the original cause.
Rheumatoid arthritis
With rheumatoid arthritis, the joints of the fingers hurt in 6-7 percent of cases.The disease can occur in people of different age groups, women are more often affected, and is formed against the background of emotional stress, after colds, infections or hypothermia.The disease begins with inflammatory changes, then the affected joint swells slightly, the pain worsens when flexing the phalanges of the right and left hands.The lesion is usually symmetrical, and other joints, even large ones, may be involved.
The pathology has an inflammatory nature of pain (intensifies at night and in the morning, and in the daytime and evening the pain attack subsides slightly).In addition to these symptoms, the patient feels a feeling of weakness, has a fever, and may have chills.Therapy should be aimed at treating the underlying disease.
Psoriasis
In 5% of cases, pain may occur due to psoriatic arthritis.People between the ages of 20 and 50 who have skin lesions (psoriatic plaques) are affected.The peculiarity of the inflammatory process is that the disease has axial inflammation (all joints of the affected finger hurt).The skin over such a joint has a burgundy color.
Inflammation can affect the joints of the bones of the right or left hand, but very rarely both at once, which indicates its asymmetry.
Gout
Gout is to blame for pain in less than 4% of cases.It most often occurs in men, most often it occurs with damage to the big toe, and then affects other joints.Occurs in the age range from 20 to 50 years.On the hands, the disease develops from damage to the thumb (rarely from the little finger), then spreads to other joints, the pain worsens at night, which disrupts sleep patterns and quality, the thumb acquires a red tint and becomes hot to the touch.
The duration of an acute attack can reach up to 12 days, then the pain subsides.The paroxysmal course of the pain syndrome is a feature of this disease.
Injuries
Injuries and dislocations of the limbs play an important role when fingers hurt.When cartilage tissue is damaged, its gradual regeneration occurs, but there will no longer be complete and identical cartilage; in any case, it will have a defect of one degree or another.Initially, no symptoms may occur, but gradually the cartilage tissue wears out and no longer fully performs its functions, which leads to pain (pain occurs most early when the little finger is affected).
Other diseases
De Carvin's tenosynovitis causes pain in 2-3% and involves an inflammatory process in the muscle tissue of the thumb.Typically, pain occurs at the base of the joint; it is spontaneous or provoked by overload, intensifying with flexion and extension (pain does not occur in the area from the index finger to the little finger).
With rhizarthrosis, the thumb on the hand hurts, pathology of its articulation occurs, most often it manifests itself in conjunction with polyosteoarthrosis, less often independently.It is provoked by a strong constant load.It is difficult to diagnose the disease from de Carvin's tenosynovitis.But with this pathology, a special feature is the deformation of the finger bones, which is clearly visible on the x-ray of the hand.
Treatment
Timely, and most importantly, correctly prescribed treatment will help to avoid pain in the later stages of life.Prevention of rheumatological diseases is an important point in maintaining the same standard of living.But what to do and how to treat the disease if it arises or worsens?
Therapeutic methods should have a comprehensive effect, solve several problems and promote the restoration of damaged tissue.
First of all, it is necessary to correctly diagnose the cause of the disease, then determine what method of treatment (medical or surgical).
Drug treatment
The most common group of medications that can reduce or completely stop pain are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).In addition to the analgesic effect, they have anti-inflammatory properties.
The medicinal substance can be applied independently, taking into account the available instructions.
For arthritis, when the joints of the hands hurt, glucocorticosteroid drugs (GCS) are prescribed; this group has an anti-inflammatory effect, which immediately stops the pain attack.To enhance the healing and regenerative effect, various oils and creams are used; they will also help relieve pain in a short time.
Physiotherapeutic methods of treatment and prevention are widespread.The most popular methods are:
- Phonophoresis.
- Ultra-high frequency therapy (UHF).
- Ultraviolet and infrared irradiation.
- Performing gymnastic exercises.
- Therapeutic and restorative massage.
- Moderate physical activity.
Surgical treatment
This method is radical and is used already in the late and advanced stages of the disease.Surgery is performed using prostheses, replacing articular surfaces or restoring blood flow.